diff --git a/internal/repository/lms_user_progress_snapshot.go b/internal/repository/lms_user_progress_snapshot.go
index d255b6e..8c833d6 100644
--- a/internal/repository/lms_user_progress_snapshot.go
+++ b/internal/repository/lms_user_progress_snapshot.go
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func (s *Store) GetLMSUserProgressSnapshot(ctx context.Context, userID int64) (d
 		LessonIDs:  pgInt8IDsToInt64(lessons),
 		ModuleIDs:  pgInt8IDsToInt64(mods),
 		CourseIDs:  pgInt8IDsToInt64(courses),
-		ProgramIDs: programs,
+		ProgramIDs: int64IDsOrEmpty(programs),
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -46,6 +46,13 @@ func pgInt8IDsToInt64(items []pgtype.Int8) []int64 {
 	return out
 }
 
+func int64IDsOrEmpty(items []int64) []int64 {
+	if items == nil {
+		return []int64{}
+	}
+	return items
+}
+
 // ListUserLMSFlatLearningActivity returns flattened LMS activity rows for admin reporting (lesson + practice completions).
 func (s *Store) ListUserLMSFlatLearningActivity(ctx context.Context, userID int64) ([]dbgen.ListUserLMSFlatLearningActivityByUserRow, error) {
 	return s.queries.ListUserLMSFlatLearningActivityByUser(ctx, userID)
diff --git a/internal/repository/lms_user_progress_snapshot_test.go b/internal/repository/lms_user_progress_snapshot_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..668e823
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/repository/lms_user_progress_snapshot_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgtype"
+)
+
+func TestPgInt8IDsToInt64ReturnsEmptySlice(t *testing.T) {
+	got := pgInt8IDsToInt64(nil)
+	if got == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected empty slice, got nil")
+	}
+	if len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty slice, got len=%d", len(got))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPgInt8IDsToInt64FiltersInvalidIDs(t *testing.T) {
+	got := pgInt8IDsToInt64([]pgtype.Int8{
+		{Int64: 10, Valid: true},
+		{Valid: false},
+		{Int64: 20, Valid: true},
+	})
+	if len(got) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 ids, got %d", len(got))
+	}
+	if got[0] != 10 || got[1] != 20 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected ids: %#v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestInt64IDsOrEmptyReturnsEmptySlice(t *testing.T) {
+	got := int64IDsOrEmpty(nil)
+	if got == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected empty slice, got nil")
+	}
+	if len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty slice, got len=%d", len(got))
+	}
+}